A model of best practices for disaster preparation and response was described by Dr. Lenworth Jacobs of Hartford, Connecticut:

The governor declares a state of emergency. At that point, different laws come into play and different assets are made available for use in the disaster response.

1. People have to know what it means to be in a state of emergency. The specific type of emergency will determine what changes are to be expected. Needs must be assessed, and there must be an agreement with those who can meet the specific need as to what will be done and how payment will be arranged.
   
2. People from diverse disciplines (e.g., health, security, fire, National Guard, Federal Assistance, etc.) need to construct a common language and know how to communicate accurately and concisely.
   
3. The team must develop interoperability; the team members work together to create a system, characterized by discipline and interconnectivity that will be critical and established in times of natural or man-made disasters. Rules must be articulated and practiced in order for the system to develop and mature.
   
4. All members of the team must understand each other’s roles and responsibilities. With frequent and regular meetings, the team members understand their responsibilities, capabilities, and resources. This process should lead to solidification of the system and trust in one another.
   
5. There must be a means of communicating information to the public:   

"You have to communicate with the public through the public communication channels, such as television or radio. People actually do listen and respond well to clear directions."

Bringing together a team to plan for and respond to disasters is critical, but the most critical elements of a successful team include their ability to communicate and collaborate effectively. In the midst of a disaster, infighting or jockeying for power should not be tolerated. Dr. Jacobs concluded with the following statement:

"It all sounds very simple. That is the difference between a fully working system and one that does not perform effectively."